John h



(No M odel.)

J. H. FLAGLER.

MANUPAGTURE 0F SHAPTS AND ORDNANGE. No. 385,049.

Patented June 26, 1888.

N. PETERS. Plmm-Lnhogmphv. wnshlngmn. D. C.

Unire rares JOHN H. FLAGLER, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

MANUFACTURE OF 4SHAFTS ANDORDNANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 385,049, dated June 26, 188,8.

Application filed May 25, 1887. Serial No. 239,278. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. FLAGLER, of the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of Shafts and Ordnance; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to the manufacture of heavy shafts for vessels, mills, Src., and heavy ordnance, such as cannons, its objectv being to increase the strength of the shafts, to enable them to sustain great torsional strain and oven come the breaking ofthe marine-engine shafts, and to increase the resistance to bursting strain of the ordnancetubes, as will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

. In an application filed by lne November l, 1886, Serial No. 217,656, I have described a method of making and a form of gun-shell in which the article is produced by casting layers of steel around layers of metal tubing; and the special object of this invention is still further to increase the strength of the shafts and ordnance-tubes thus produced by imparting to the steel cast around the wrought-metal tubing-layers a more compact and fibrous structy` To this end my invention consists in forming one or more tubular layers of wrought metal, casting around and between said layers a layer of soft steel, and. finally rolling the tube or shell thus produced to impart a fibrous character to the steel and compact and harden the same, so as to increase its strength and resistance against the strains to which it may be subjected.

Y To enable others skilled in the art to make and use :my invention I will describe the same, referring tov the accompanying drawings, in whichi Figure l is a sectional view of the mold pre pared for casting the gun or a heavy shaft in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section, of the shaft or shell formed by casting. Fig. 3 is a view of the finished rolled shaft, and Fig. 4 is a view of a train of rolls for rolling the tubing.

Like letters referto like parts in each of the t figures of the drawings.

In practicing my invention I form one or more wrought1netal tubes or shells, these is of course of smaller diameter than vthe outer shells, the space between the tubes varying accordingv to the amount of cast-steel which is to be introduced and the nature of the product desired.

In the drawings, l represents the inner wroughtmetal tube, and 2 3 the tube or tubes employed around the same.

In forming heavy shafting or ordnance according to my invention I generally support these tubes within the mold 4 upon the metal bed-plate 5, any suitable pins or supports, as 6, being used to support the tubes in their proper relation with respect to each other and to the core 7 and mold 4.

In casting ordnance and ordnance-shells the tubes and core can be supported in like manner by any suitable skeleton frames or like devices. One or more ponrgates, 9, may communicate with the spaces 8 between the tubes and the tubes and core or mold, and in case it is considered desirable in order to increase the strength of the finished article steel of different earbons may be cast between the several tubular layers, iu which case separate pouringgates communicate with each layer. The molten metal thus flows within and around the layers of wrought metal as desired, and as it is raised to a high heat fuses the exterior surface of .the tubing and forms therewith a perfect union, giving a solid seamless shaft or gun-tube. The shaft shown in the drawings has three layers, 1 2 3, of wrought metal, and a like number of layers, 10 1l 12, of caststeel, the outer layer being formed of wrought metal. The layers of cast metal are supported by the tubular layers of wrought metal, and in case of any iiaw or other imperfection in the body of the steel or metal tubing one serves to support the other and prevent these imperfections from spreading. After the shaft or tubular ingot has been thus' formed it is heatedto the proper temperature and subjected to a rolling W'hen two or more of 6o operation longitudinally, so as to condense and draw out the steel and give a fibrous grain to the metal layers, whereby a shaft or gun-tube is obtained. This rolling operation may be performed in any of the ordinary forms of ma chines now in use for rolling heavy ingots or hollow ingots; or a rolling-mill similar to that shown in the drawings may be used,which mill consists of au ordinary two or three high set of rolls, a, supported in housings b, and having suitable passes, c, therein, and each side of the set of rolls is provided with feed-tables d e, which are of the ordinary form, and have thereon feed-rolls having suitable grooves, f, therein to guide and direct the shaft or ingot into the pass of the rolls. The ingot or shaft after having been rolled longitudinally la sufcent number of times to be reduced to the proper diameter, and the proper ber given to the steel, vis completed. This rolling may be done over a mandrel; but -this is not necessary, as the combined thickness of the layers is sufcient to sustain the pressure on the ingot and make it stiff enough to retain its shape during or shell compacts and condenses the surface thereof, so as to require but little to be turned off before it can be used, and adds very materially to the strength of the shell or tube. In using the tube thus produced the breech-bands and pivot-bands may be shrunk around the tube in a similar manner to that described in my application, Serial No. 217,656, heretofore referred to. A

Having now described my inventiomwhat I claim is- The method of producing shafting or tubing, Which consists in casting steel around and be tween layers of wrought metal tubing, then subjecting the ingot or tube thus formed to a rolling operation, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I, the said JOHN H. FLAGLER, have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN H. FLAGLER.

Witnesses:

RoBT. M. HooPER, E. P. MCLEAN. 

